CHAPTER 438: CHAPTER 437 PARITY CONSERVATION AND NON-CONSERVATION

The civilization in this invisible state is, of course, the Wandering Alliance.

Since the last battle with the Wa Star Civilization, the Wandering Alliance has once again embarked on its wandering journey. For quite a long stretch of time, they have not encountered any Constant Stars, nebulas, or civilizations, not even Dark Matter—along the way, there was nothing but bleak and frigid darkness.

The Wandering Alliance seemed to have entered a black labyrinth, unable to find a way out.

Fortunately, not long ago, the Wandering Alliance finally observed the Anti-Neutron Star ahead of them, as well as the two biological civilizations fighting near the Anti-Neutron Star.

At that time, the mood of the Wandering Alliance was like a group of people in the desert dying of thirst who suddenly see an oasis; they were incredibly excited. Thus, the Wandering Alliance immediately accelerated to its fastest speed, eager to seize the Anti-Neutron Star and, along with it, devour the two biological civilizations as well—simply put, "I want it all". However, what the Wandering Alliance did not expect was that the Anti-Neutron Star would suddenly experience an extremely rare starquake phenomenon in the Universe, leading to a series of disasters—a massive annihilation explosion!

This mixed crisis was unprecedented and the most terrifying among those observed by the Wandering Alliance. The dreadful radiation from the starquakes combined with the destructive force of the annihilation explosion was at least comparable to a wave of frenzied bombardment by a Level 4 Civilization. Thankfully, as the Wandering Alliance has long been a Level 4 Civilization, its technological level was no trifling matter. Furthermore, being tens of light-years away, they faced no danger or casualties. However, the situation was different for the two biological civilizations fighting near the Anti-Neutron Star. Their technology was not as advanced as that of the Wandering Alliance, and being within one light-year from the Anti-Neutron Star, they were directly hit by the full brunt of the explosion’s mixed might. Their defenses were destroyed, their civilization cities were obliterated, and their population was almost entirely wiped out!

Therefore, when the invisible Wandering Star System arrived at the center of the explosion.

Everything had vanished, and the dust had settled, leaving behind only the dreadful aftermath of the disaster.

Seeing a high-density Anti-Neutron Star just explode into nothingness, Dark Gold Lu Xing couldn’t help but say, "Ah, what a pity, that was an Anti-Neutron Star for heaven’s sake. Beyond its massive size, the research value of an Anti-Neutron Star is also immensely precious!"

"Indeed, it’s a pity. If we could have obtained that Anti-Neutron Star, it might have helped our Wandering Alliance speed up the deciphering of why there is more Positive Matter than antimatter in the Universe. Why does our Universe favor Positive Matter?" Constant Star Lu Chen also said so.

Green Star said, "According to the theory of the Big Bang, all matter, including the Four Basic Forces, was created during the Big Bang. Given the coupling nature of the Big Bang, Positive Matter and antimatter should have been produced at the same rate and in the same amount simultaneously. Following conventional development, Positive Matter would annihilate upon encountering antimatter, canceling each other out. Hence, there should be an equal existence of both in the Universe, or they should both be nonexistent. Yet, the Universe we see is one where Positive Matter is more abundant than antimatter. The mystery indeed merits profound contemplation!"

Constant Star Lu Chen mused, "If it were in the past, there was a possible explanation once thought plausible. That is, after the Parity Non-Conservation theory was proposed, the three fundamental symmetries of the long-believed Parity Conservation Law, namely Charge Symmetry, Time Symmetry, and Parity itself, were all refuted one by one. While not all encompassing, at least some particles do not obey the Parity Conservation Law under certain conditions (under weak interaction)."

"Of the three conservation principles, Parity refers to spatial reflection symmetry, which means particles are mirror images of each other. Aside from their spin, their other properties are identical, which is known as Parity. However, Parity has little to do with the mystery of Positive and Negative Matter. What really matters is Charge Symmetry and Time Symmetry. Time Symmetry refers to time reversal symmetry, which means that if we reverse the direction of a particle’s motion, its state of motion remains unchanged, this is called Time Symmetry; whereas Charge Symmetry means that particles and antiparticles are mirror images of each other, i.e., the laws are the same for both, this is Charge Symmetry."

"Yet, after the Parity Non-Conservation theory was put forward, some scientists used the transformation between K mesons and Anti-K mesons to demonstrate temporal asymmetry. The specific experimental method was to convert K mesons to Anti-K mesons, then convert Anti-K mesons back to K mesons. By carefully observing both processes, these scientists discovered that the conversion from Anti-K mesons to K mesons was faster than the conversion from K mesons to Anti-K mesons, proving a temporal asymmetry. Therefore, some scientists further proposed that due to the slight asymmetrical properties of microscopic particles, there is also an asymmetry in the charges of particles and antiparticles, causing the Positive Matter formed at the inception of the Big Bang to be slightly more abundant than antimatter. After substantial mutual annihilation, our Universe thus became dominated by Positive Matter."

"This was one interpretation of the past, but now it also seems flawed. With the conquering of the unified force, we came up with Basic String Theory, and we have already proven that Time Particles do not exist. Our so-called concept of time is just a finite process in the movement of matter. Hence even if the transformation between K mesons and Anti-K mesons exhibits asymmetry, that is not a temporal asymmetry but rather a manifestation of individual motion laws, which is essentially different. Moreover, individual experiments are influenced by too many factors to explain collective phenomena. Furthermore, the way matter was formed during the Big Bang was not a process of converting antimatter into Positive Matter, so it’s incorrect to deduce the formation of matter during the Big Bang from the experiments with K mesons and Anti-K mesons. It’s like inferring that carbon dioxide is more prevalent in the atmosphere than other gases because humans exhale it, which has no necessary correlation."

At this point, some may be unclear about the concepts of Parity Conservation and Parity Non-Conservation.

To put it simply, Parity Conservation refers to the three fundamental symmetric ways of microscopic particles, while Parity Non-Conservation means that those three symmetrical methods exhibit asymmetry under certain conditions.

It is especially noteworthy that even though Parity Non-Conservation has been proven, it doesn’t mean that Parity Conservation is wrong. Parity Conservation is still correct within a specific scope, like Parity Non-Conservation is only established under weak interaction, and in other conditions, Parity Conservation prevails. This is comparable to Newtonian mechanics and quantum mechanics. Newtonian mechanics have been proven to apply only at the macroscopic level as science progresses, whereas quantum mechanics are suitable for the microscopic level.

Lu Xing laughed and said, "If we look at the past with today’s science, it’s certainly full of holes. But the scientific theories of each era are inevitably limited by contemporary views, so it’s already remarkable that they could come up with such methods then. After all, even now that we’ve become a Level 4 Civilization, we still have not clarified why Positive Matter is more abundant than antimatter. However, that’s what science is about—finding more accurate theories and the truth in the continuous process of correcting errors. That is the purpose of science’s existence, and having this mindset is to truly possess scientific thinking."